top of page

Creature 
Fast Facts

Introducing you to extinct species.

FLABELLIDIUM SPINOSUM/  SANTA CRUZ BRYOPHYTE

THE FLABELLIDIUM SPINOSUM/

SANTA CRUZ BRYOPHYTE

1. Flabellidium is an extinct genus of moss in the family Brachytheciaceae. 2. Flabellidium spinosum is the only species of this genus. 3. It was collected in the Santa Cruz cordillera of Bolivia. 4. The word 'cordillera' means a network of mountain chains and comes from the Spanish word 'cuerda' meaning rope. 5. The Santa Cruz bryophyte was 'epiphytic', meaning that it grew on the surface of other trees. It was not a parasite, rather it used stronger trees for support. They added to the biodiversity of the Bolivian ecosystem. 6. It was collected in 1911 and formally described in 1916. 7. It was officially declared extinct in 2002 because the forests where it was once found have been completely altered by logging and turned into farmland.

Extinction 
Cometh

Facing the light at the end of the tunnel

EXTINCTION DATE

1916

 

The Santa Cruz bryophyte was a type of moss first collected in the Santa Cruz mountain range in Bolivia in 1911. It was described as being epiphytic. It grew on larger plants and trees, using them as a support to get to sunlight and water. They were not known to be parasitic, but added to the Bolivian ecosystem. They were officially described by science in 1916 and were the only members of their genus. Not much is known about this bryophyte. It went extinct as logging altered the forests where it was found. These deforested areas were often replaced with farmland, so even if this moss survived the logging it would have no trees to grow vertically. It was declared to be extinct in 2002, but it probably went extinct long before that time when the forests were cleared for logging. Although Jurassic Park is fiction, scientists are working on several de-extinction projects. In fact, in 2003 scientists did bring back the extinct Pyrenean ibex, a type of wild goat, for 7 minutes before it died, showing de-extinction is possible. The Santa Cruz bryophyte might be a candidate. Scientists would potentially use DNA from the one and only specimen collected in 1911. If the flabellidium spinosum was brought to life, could it survive again in the Santa Cruz mountain range Bolivia?

Lazarus
Tales

Short stories of return

COMING
SOON

The Flabellidium spinosum's Lazarus Tale has yet to be written. Would it be able to thrive again in the Santa Cruz mountain range in Bolivia if it did return?

More to Explore
All answers lead to more questions

The lone specimen of Flabellidium spinosum collected in Bolivia in 1916 is kept in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Image from Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Flabellidium spinosum Herzog Brachytheciaceae. A. Habit. B. Stem base leaves. C. Stem leaf. D. Branch leaf. E. Upper median cells. F. Apical cells. G. Basal marginal cells. Redrawn from Enroth 1995.
Image from Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Information about where the specimen was collected. 
Image from Global Biodiversity Information Facility

The flag of Bolivia
Image from Flags N Gadgets

Flabellidium spinosum was collected in Bolivia in 1916 & sent to Paris.
Image from Global Biodiversity Information Facility

A map showing Bolivia in
South America
Image from World Atlas

The three types of bryophytes
Image from Science Facts

Bryophyte Life Cycle
Image from Biology Reader

bottom of page