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Creature 
Fast Facts

Introducing you to extinct species.

PIG-FOOTED BANDICOOT

THE

PIG-FOOTED BANDICOOTS

1. The Northern pig-footed bandicoot, Chaeropus yirratji, & the Southern pig-footed bandicoot, Chaeropus ecaudatus, were unique bandicoots and were the only marsupials to have reduced digits that formed unique, hoof-like feet. 2. ‘Yirratji’ was the Aboriginal word for the Northern pig-footed bandicoot. Much of what we know about its behavior comes from Aboriginal accounts. 3. Both species walked on two toes on their front feet and one toe on their hind feet. 4. The southern species lived in shrub-land, while the northern species only lived in the open grassland. The exact range of each species is unknown, but has been reconstructed based on where specimens were gathered and Aboriginal reports. 5. The Northern pig-footed bandicoot had different dentition (teeth), longer hind feet, a longer tail, a longer tail, and two variations of color patterning. 6. Little is known about the habits of this bandicoot, but it is thought that they were herbivorous. 7. The pig-footed bandicoots were one of the smallest weighing only 7 ounces. 8. There are only 29 modern specimens today. DNA was gathered from a 150 year old tissue sample. 9. DNA and specimen testing proved that there was a third pig-footed species, a second southern pig-footed bandicoot. 10. There are at least 8 extinct species of bandicoot, the desert bandicoot, the New South Wales barred bandicoot, lesser bilby, Southwestern barred bandicoot, Southern barred bandicoot, Nullarbor barred bandicoot, and the Northern & Southern pig-footed bandicoots. 11. The last reported Northern pig-footed bandicoot was in 1901, although Aboriginal reports lasted into the 1950’s. The last Southern pig-footed was reported in 1945. 12. Sony Playstation’s ‘Crash Bandicoot’ is a video game series first released on September 9, 1996 that featured the bandicoot and other Australian animals as its characters. 13. In 2014, ‘Crash bandicoot’ was the formal name given to a new bandicoot species named from bandicoot fossils discovered in Riversleigh World Heritage Area in northeast Australia. It is thought they were related to the pig-footed bandicoots.

Extinction 
Cometh

Facing the light at the end of the tunnel

EXTINCTION DATE

1901 & 1947

 

The pig-footed bandicoots were a unique species of bandicoot. They were the only marsupial with a hoof-line foot which gave them an unique running style which was reportedly “like a broken-down hack”. The exact habits and range of either pig-footed bandicoot is not well known. Europeans first described the pig-footed bandicoots in 1838, while the Aborigines were aware of its presence for 65,000 years. In fact discussions with Aboriginal elders has helped in better understanding the pig-footed bandicoots behaviors and its range. For instance the last reported Northern pig-footed bandicoot was observed in 1901, but the Aborigines reported it being present until the 1950’s. There were many factors such as clearing land for sheep grazing and farms. The lesser bilby also had to compete against invasive species like the "gray blanket" aka the escalated rabbit population. The introduction of the red fox in the 1870's for recreational hunting and feral cats also took their toll on the lesser bilby. The last Northern was thought to have died in the 1901 and the last Southern pig-footed bandicoot was seen in 1947 although some Aboriginal accounts seem to indicate it survived into the 1950's. Could the lesser bilby live in Australia today? Although Jurassic Park is fiction, scientists are working on several de-extinction projects. In fact, in 2003 scientists did bring back the extinct Pyrenean ibex, a type of wild goat, for 7 minutes before it died, showing de-extinction is possible. The pig-footed bandicoots might be good candidates. Scientists would use the 29 museum specimens to collect genetic materials. DNA was already able to be collected from a 150 year old tissue sample. Scientists were able to learn that there was actually a third species of pig-footed bandicoot from this genetic research. Australia has made many strides in restoring natural habitats, eliminating invasive species, and helping struggling species recover since the extinction of this bilby in the 1950's. In fact, the greater bilby, also called the rabbit-eared bandicoot, has been brought to center stage of conservation in Australia. In 1968 a 9-year old girl named Rose-Marie Dusting wrote a book called Billy the Aussie Easter Bilby which wasn't published until 1979. In 1991, Nicholas Newland from the 'Foundation for Rabbit-Free Australia' pushed the idea of an Easter Bilby into the public's eye. Some Aussie candy companies started changing the chocolate bunnies sold at Easter to bilbies, and the Easter Bilby movement piqued in 2009 when chocolate bilby sales were equal to the bunnies. Many chocolate companies gave back a portion of the profit to help save and protect the greater bilbies from extinction. In fact, Darrell Lea raised $300,000 towards the Save the Bilby Fund from 1999 - 2008. If the Northern and Southern pig-footed bandicoots were brought to life, could they ever be reintroduced to their native homeland in Australia?

Lazarus
Tales

Short stories of return

COMING
SOON

The pig-footed bandicoot's Lazarus tale has yet to be written, but what adventures will await it when it returns to Australia? Stay tuned to find out.

More to Explore
All answers lead to more questions

A museum specimen of the Northern pig-footed bandicoot on display in Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Image from The Trustees of The Natural History Museum, London

John Gould's painting of the Southern pig-footed bandicoot
Image from Wikipedia

Two color variations of pig-footed bandicoots shown in a painting by Peter Schouten
Image from the Natural History Museum, London

A distribution map for the three extinct species of pig-footed bandicoots
Image from the Natural History Museum, London

The Lesser Bilby, an extinct species of bandicoot, is on the Logo 
Image from Australian Wildlife Conservancy

The video game Crash Bandicoot made the bandicoot a well known Australian animal
Image from IGN

A new bandicoot species that was related to the pig-footed bandicoots was discovered in 2014 and named the 'Crash bandicoot'
Image from Wikipedia

Picture for a Chinese news piece about the extinct desert bandicoot
Image from CGTN

The 'spirit specimen' a holotype of the desert bandicoot
Image from Museums Victoria Collections

Road sign to bring awareness to endangered bandicoot species
Image from Island Conservation

Former range of the desert bandicoot
Image from Wikimedia

Bilby - Dreamworks Short Film 
2018 Award Winner
Image from Twitter

Photo of the endangered greater bilby
Image from Science Photo Library

Australia's native wildlife has been highly impacted by invasive species like dogs, red foxes, and house cats
Image from Bio One

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