Creature
Fast Facts
Introducing you to extinct species.

THE GIANT
FEATHERBACK/BELIDA
1. The giant featherback, Chitala lopis, also known as the belida, was an extinct fish species that lived in Java and Sumatra. 2. The giant featherback grows up to 4.9 feet long. 3. Chitala lopis is part of the Notopteridae tribe, also known as knifefish. 4. Empek-empek and Kerupuk are two Indonesian dishes that were made from belida. When belida is unavailable, mackerel is used in these traditional dishes. 5. It is mostly a nocturnal hunter, eating insects and small vertebrates. 6. They prefer forest covered streams with rocky or fallen log covered river bottoms. 7. The giant featherback was last seen in 1851, but it was rediscovered in 2023. 8. The new genetic material was able to prove that Chitala lopis was in fact its own unique species. 9. Chitala lopis, Chitala borneensis, and Chitala hypselonotus are still listed as “least concern” even though Chitala lopis hadn’t been seen in 172 years and Chitala borneensis was last seen in 2015.
Extinction
Cometh
Facing the light at the end of the tunnel
EXTINCTION DATE
1851, but
Rediscovered in 2023
The giant featherback was last collected in 1851. It was officially declared extinct in 2020. Then in 2023, it was rediscovered in Java, Indonesia. This rediscovery was able to determine the three distinct species of Chitala. The Chitala lopis, Chitala borneensis, and Chitala hypselonotus, which are still listed as “least concern” even though Chitala lopis hadn’t been seen in 172 years and Chitala borneensis was last seen in 2015. These three fish known as belida have been used in traditional such as Empek-empek and Kerupuk. The leather from these large fish has also been used for wallet and other goods. In recent years the belida has been replaced with mackerel because of the limited supply of belida. Overfishing, population growth, and water pollution have contributed to the decline of the giant featherback and its close knifefish relatives. Although Jurassic Park is fiction, scientists are working on several de-extinction projects. Since the giant featherback has been rediscovered, it doesn’t need a de-extinction project, but it does need protection and further study. Scientists can determine its current range, population fragmentation, and any genetic bottleneck that may have occurred since it was last seen over 170 years ago. Genetic research can be used to help sustain a healthy giant featherback population. The population of Java is 145 million with 10.5 million living in Jakarta. The waters off the coast of Java are still at risk of being overfished and the habitat is still highly at risk. Although there are some conservation efforts in the area, the effect of human development continues to be a major concern. The Javan tiger was rediscovered in March of 2024 sparking renewed conservation efforts on land. Hopefully, new regulations can find a good balance between feeding a growing population and protecting Java’s unique wildlife on the land and in the water. Can the giant featherback continue to hold on in its native homeland in Indonesia?
COMING
SOON
The giant featherback's Lazarus Tale doesn't need to be written because it has returned. It rediscovery can hopefully be a positive story on its own.
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A specimen of the giant featherback collected in 1851
Image from VOI

Specimen collected recently proving the giant featherback is not extinct
Image from Research Gate



