Creature
Fast Facts
Introducing you to extinct species.
THE WELLINGTON'S
SOLITARY CORAL
1. The Wellington’s solitary coral, Rhizopsammia wellingtonia, was a purple coral native first observed in 1982. 2. It lived on the ceilings of underwater caves in the East Pacific around the Galapagos Islands at a depth of 6 - 147 feet. It was most abundant at 50 feet in Tagus Cove, Isabela where it covered 13% of the area. 3. Wellington's solitary coral was a deep purple, black coral of small, closely packed colonies. 4. After the El Niño event of 1982-1983, Wellington’s solitary coral died off quickly. It could only be found in Gordon Rocks and Cousins in Santa Cruz. 5. Wellington’s solitary coral is still listed as “critically endangered”, but it has not been seen alive since 2000.
Extinction
Cometh
Facing the light at the end of the tunnel
EXTINCTION DATE
2000
Wellington’s solitary coral was only known to science for a very short time. It was first observed in 1982 by Glynn and Wellington in the waters of Isabela in the Galapagos. They found it to cover approximately 13% of the surface at Tagus Cove. The El Niño event in 1982-1983 decimated Wellington's solitary coral’s population. El Niño is a naturally occurring climate pattern that involves the warming of surface temperature in the East Pacific. The cooling pattern in that region is often referred to as La Niña. The effects of Global Warming and climate change on this warming and cooling pattern is still being studied. After 1983, Wellington’s solitary coral could only be found in Cousins and Gordon Rocks near Santa Cruz. It was photographed in those two areas several times in the 1990’s. Despite many targeted searches for it, Wellington’s solitary coral has not been seen alive since the year 2000. It is still listed as “critically endangered”, but is probably extinct. Although Jurassic Park is fiction, scientists are working on several de-extinction projects. In fact, in 2003 scientists did bring back the extinct Pyrenean ibex, a type of wild goat, for 7 minutes before it died, showing de-extinction is possible. Wellington’s solitary coral would not be a good candidate unless a preserved specimen could be found in a museum collection somewhere. Could Wellington’s solitary coral make a comeback if it was introduced back into the Pacific waters off the coast of the Galapagos? The return of Wellington’s solitary coral to the waters around the Galapagos might prove difficult. Even though the Galapagos Islands are a region of intense conservation, protecting the waters around the islands might prove more difficult. The ocean currents around the Galapagos are cold, providing a region full of ocean life, supporting unique species, even penguins. It seems that the warming events in the Pacific Ocean had a devastating effect on this small coral. Perhaps Wellington’s solitary coral could be kept in captivity, but a return to the wild might not be possible.
COMING
SOON
The Wellington's solitary coral's Lazarus Tale has yet to be written. Would it be able to thrive again in the Galapagos if it did return?
More to Explore
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VIDEOS & ADDITIONAL INFO
Facts about Wellington's Solitary Coral
Raising Coral Facts about Wellington's Solitary Coral
Re-Wild's Info about Wellington's Solitary Coral